Blood tests are routinely requested when people are admitted to hospitals for various health problems. One of these blood tests that is usually always performed is a complete blood count (hemogram) test. This includes the amount of red and white blood cells in the blood, the amount of blood platelets and some biochemical calculations. Hemoglobin is the first variable to be checked for anemia or iron deficiency.
Hemoglobin is abbreviated as HGB. It is a precursor found in red blood cells in the blood fluid. It contains iron ion and 4 proteins. It ensures that the oxygen taken in through the lungs, which it provides through the iron ion, is transported into the blood and delivered to other structures and that the harmful carbon dioxide produced in the same way is transported to be excreted from the lungs. Thus, it can be important and indispensable for the body.
Hemoglobin is directly linked to the amount of iron in the body and its oxygen transport status. Therefore, it is one of the first values to be checked, especially for those who complain of anemia and to measure the suitability of anemia treatment. Likewise, the body's blood ratio before surgery, i.e. the ability to carry oxygen through the hemoglobin level in the blood, is evaluated on the basis of this coefficient. The HGB value is also used to monitor the loss of blood volume after the operation and its possible effect on the body. Significant decreases in the HGB value should be treated, as they can significantly impair the body's ability to transport oxygen and therefore health. If necessary, blood transfusions can be administered to the affected person according to this value. Because hemoglobin stores iron in the body, it is important for the assessment of anemia due to iron deficiency.
Hemoglobin (HGB) Reference Range
Hemoglobin appears in blood tests with the abbreviation HB. Therefore, the hemoglobin value can be measured with an easy blood test. The hemoglobin rate can also be measured by taking a hemogram test. The ratios of the HGB value in the usual range are as follows according to the age and gender of the person;
- HGB in women, 1/dl 12 to 3 15 gr range
- HGB in men, range 13.5 to 17.5 g per 1 /dl
Significantly low or high levels of any of the above will be examined by the relevant specialist.
Low hemoglobin (HGB)
Low or higher than normal hemoglobin levels can be a sign of some health problems and treatment is determined according to the level of decline. The normal range of hemoglobin in a healthy body varies according to the age and gender of the person. It also varies according to the person's genetic structure, hormonal status and body structure. Therefore, the normal range value determined in the usual complete blood count may not reflect the reality for each person. The most appropriate assessment of low or high hemoglobin levels depends on a specialist's examination.
However, depending on the age and gender of the person, the following hemoglobin values are accepted
For newborn babies: 13.5 -24 gr /deciliter
For infants (0 -3 years): 11 -13 g/deciliter
For children (3 - 11 years): 12 -14 g/deciliter
For adult males: 13.5 - 17.5 g/deciliter
For adult women: 12.5 - 15.5 g/deciliter
Ifthe hemoglobin level is below these reference ranges, it is interpreted as anemia . The condition of anemia is determined and treatment is determined according to the problem. Again, in the hemoglobin ranges determined above these reference values, it can be said that the body produces a lot of blood in the body. Thus, after the evaluation of some additional coefficients, some hematological disorders can be found or physiologically detected blood elevation can be mentioned.
Hemoglobin (HGB) Elevation
People living at high altitudes and smokers may have hemoglobin levels above normal. High hemoglobin levels can also be caused by the following conditions;
- Kidney tumors
- Bone marrow problem
- Steroids or performance enhancing drugs
- Oxygen deficiency
- Chronic lung diseases
Low and High Hemoglobin in Pregnant Women
As a result of physical processes during pregnancy, the proportion of water and fluid in the body of the pregnant woman increases. This raises the blood level and leads to a decrease in blood cells against the liquid part of the blood. This is called "physiological anemia of pregnancy", which is reflected in the complete blood count as a decrease in hemoglobin levels.
A low complete blood count during pregnancy is a general decrease in hemoglobin levels. The usual hemoglobin value during pregnancy is 12 g/deciliter, it is important to keep the target hemoglobin value above 10.5 g/deciliter.
What is a hemoglobin test?
Low hemoglobin in the blood is directly linked to a low oxygen supply. Hemoglobin is one of the first parameters checked for anemia or iron deficiency problems. In cases where hemoglobin levels are lower than normal, hemoglobin levels vary according to the age and gender of the person. If it is lower than the reference range, the first thing that comes to mind is anemia.
To assess the severity of anemia or polycythemia and to monitor the response to treatment, it is usually part of a complete blood count (CBC) test, which may be ordered for a variety of reasons.
It is one of the tests performed by taking a blood sample from a vein in the person's arm or from a blood sample taken from the fingertip (in children and adults) or the heel (in newborns).
Which diseases is the hemoglobin test used to diagnose?
Hemoglobin is the first parameter that comes to mind in anemia (anemia) or iron deficiency problems. In this case, a complete blood count test is performed. In cases where the hemoglobin level is below normal, the hemoglobin level in the complete blood count test varies according to the age and gender of the person and various disorders may be associated with diseases.
