Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease affecting the central nervous system, in which the immune system plays a role. The treatment plan for individuals diagnosed with MS is determined based on many factors such as the type of the disease, symptoms, frequency of attacks, neurological findings, and the person's general health status. While drug therapy forms the basis of MS management, nutrition in MS disease is also important in terms of protecting general health, ensuring adequate nutrient intake, maintaining a healthy body weight, and supporting the quality of life.
There is no single proven dietary program or miraculous nutrient that eliminates the disease for MS patients. Instead, a balanced diet including vegetables and fruits, whole grains, legumes, fish and other quality protein sources, nuts and seeds, and healthy fats can be preferred. Limiting processed foods, excessive sugar, excess salt, and saturated fats can also be beneficial for overall health.
The answer to the question "How should MS patients eat?" may vary from person to person. The most accurate approach is to create a personalized nutrition plan by evaluating age, weight, physical activity level, medications used, accompanying diseases, bowel issues, swallowing difficulties, and current nutritional status. In particular, long-term and highly restrictive diets should be avoided, and the dietary routine should be sustainable.
Why Is Nutrition Important in MS?
Nutrition in MS is important for supporting the person's overall health status rather than directly treating the disease. Adequate and balanced nutrition helps provide the energy, protein, vitamins, minerals, fiber, and healthy fats that the body needs. Preserving muscle mass, supporting bone health, and maintaining a healthy body weight can become especially important for individuals experiencing mobility limitations due to MS.
Problems such as fatigue, decreased mobility, constipation, weight fluctuations, and in some cases, swallowing difficulties can be observed in MS patients. Each of these conditions can affect dietary habits. For example, decreased mobility may lower energy needs, while insufficient protein intake can increase the risk of muscle loss. Similarly, low fiber and fluid consumption can contribute to increased complaints of constipation.
Another important aspect of nutrition is supporting health areas outside of MS, such as cardiovascular health, bone health, and metabolic health. Keeping the overall health status of MS patients as good as possible is important for maintaining daily living activities. However, it should be kept in mind that healthy nutrition does not replace MS treatment, and medications prescribed by the physician should not be stopped due to dietary changes.
How Should MS Patients Eat?
The primary goal in the diet of MS patients is to establish an adequate, balanced, varied, and sustainable nutritional model. Including vegetables and fruits, whole grains, legumes, quality protein sources, and healthy fats in daily meals is generally an appropriate approach. One should look not only at the individual characteristics of foods, but also at the entire daily and weekly dietary routine.
Fish, eggs, chicken, lean meat, yogurt, kefir, and legumes can be considered for protein. Olive oil, walnuts, almonds, hazelnuts, avocado, chia seeds, and flaxseeds can be included among sources of healthy fats. Whole grains, vegetables, fruits, and legumes are fiber-rich options.
Instead of frequent consumption of fried foods, excessively sugary foods, processed meat products, and ultra-processed foods, choosing less processed foods can be beneficial for MS patients. However, rather than completely banning foods that a person enjoys, regulating portion sizes and consumption frequency provides a more sustainable approach in the long run.
Balanced and Varied Nutrition
Balanced and varied nutrition is important for ensuring that MS patients receive adequate amounts of the different nutrients they need. Focusing on a single food group or entirely eliminating certain foods unnecessarily can lead to vitamin, mineral, protein, fiber, or energy deficiencies over time. Therefore, different food groups should be included in the daily diet as much as possible.
While vegetables and fruits offer rich options in terms of vitamins, minerals, and fiber, whole grains and legumes can provide carbohydrates, fiber, and plant-based protein. Fish, eggs, chicken, meat, and dairy products can be considered as quality protein sources. Olive oil, nuts, and seeds can help incorporate healthy fats into the diet.
Another important element of balanced nutrition is portion control. Even a healthy food, when consumed in excessive amounts, can cause one to exceed daily energy needs. Especially in MS patients with mobility limitations, since energy needs may change, it is important to adjust portions according to the person's daily activity.
Vegetable and Fruit Consumption
Vegetables and fruits can have an important place in the diet of MS patients. These foods are rich in fiber, vitamins, minerals, and various plant compounds. Consuming vegetables and fruits in different colors helps increase dietary variety.
Broccoli, spinach, chard, arugula, parsley, carrots, peppers, tomatoes, zucchini, cabbage, and other seasonal vegetables can be used in meals. Apples, pears, oranges, mandarins, kiwis, strawberries, blueberries, and seasonal fruits can also be evaluated among different options. Consuming fruit whole instead of as fruit juice may be more appropriate in terms of preserving fiber intake.
The preparation method of vegetables is also important. Instead of constantly frying vegetables, methods such as boiling, steaming, baking, or cooking with a small amount of olive oil can be preferred. Thus, while preserving the place of vegetables in the diet, unnecessary fat and energy intake can also be limited.
Selection of Protein Sources
Protein is essential for the preservation of muscle tissue and the maintenance of many biological functions in the body. In MS patients, especially if there is mobility limitation or decreased physical activity, adequate protein intake can gain importance for preserving muscle mass.
Fish, eggs, chicken, turkey, lean red meat, yogurt, kefir, cheese, lentils, chickpeas, and dry beans are among protein sources. Including plant-based protein sources alongside animal proteins both increases variety and contributes to fiber intake.
How the food is prepared should also be considered when choosing protein. Instead of frequent consumption of processed meat products, fresh meat, fish, chicken, or legumes can be preferred. Baking, grilling, boiling, or steaming methods can be used instead of frying. However, since protein needs can vary depending on a person's age, weight, activity level, and existing health problems, a personal evaluation is important.
Consumption of Healthy Fats
Fats are essential nutrients for the body; however, the type and amount of fat matter. Foods such as olive oil, avocado, walnuts, almonds, hazelnuts, chia seeds, and flaxseeds can be included in the diet as sources of healthy fats.
The fact that olive oil is one of the main fat sources in the Mediterranean-style diet, and that vegetable, fruit, legume, and fish consumption is high, can be shown as an example for a healthy nutritional model. In contrast, reducing the consumption of foods containing excessive amounts of saturated fat and highly processed products that may contain trans fats is important for overall health.
It should not be forgotten that healthy fats also contain high energy. Therefore, especially in MS patients who require weight control, attention should be paid to portions in the use of nuts, avocados, and oils. The goal is not to completely eliminate fats from the diet, but to prefer higher quality fat sources in appropriate amounts.
Omega-3 Sources and Fish Consumption
Omega-3 fatty acids are fatty acids found especially in fatty fish and are among the important components of a healthy diet. Fish such as salmon, sardines, mackerel, and anchovies are rich in omega-3. Fish can also provide quality protein and various micronutrients.
Research is being conducted on the relationship between omega-3 fatty acids and MS. However, it should not be concluded that omega-3 consumption treats MS or definitively prevents disease relapses. Fish consumption should be evaluated not as a specific treatment for MS, but as part of a balanced and healthy diet.
For individuals who do not consume fish, plant-based sources such as walnuts, chia seeds, and flaxseeds can also be added to the diet. Individuals who want to use omega-3 supplements should consult their doctor, especially if they are taking regular medications.
Adequate Fluid Consumption
Adequate fluid consumption plays an important role in preserving the overall health of MS patients. Water is essential for the body to maintain its normal functions. Especially in individuals consuming adequate fiber, ensuring that fluid intake is also sufficient can help support bowel regularity.
Daily fluid needs may vary depending on a person's age, weight, physical activity, air temperature, and health status. Consuming water at regular intervals throughout the day is a good habit. It should be remembered that sugary drinks and products containing excessive caffeine do not replace water.
Individuals with health problems that require fluid restriction, such as heart or kidney disease, need to regulate their fluid consumption according to their doctor's recommendation.
Which Foods Can MS Patients Consume?
The foods that MS patients can consume are quite broad. Being diagnosed with MS does not require the complete elimination of a specific food group on its own. Vegetables and fruits, fish, eggs, chicken, lean meat, legumes, whole grains, yogurt, kefir, nuts, and seeds can take place in a balanced nutrition plan.
The important thing is to focus on the entirety of the dietary routine rather than expecting miraculous results from individual foods. Increasing food diversity, getting adequate protein and fiber, choosing healthy fats, and limiting ultra-processed products can create a healthy approach.
Vegetables and Fruits
Vegetables and fruits can take regular place in the daily diet. Consuming vegetables and fruits in different colors helps get various plant compounds in addition to different vitamins and minerals.
Vegetables can be consumed as salad, soup, vegetable dishes, baked, or steamed. Fruits can be preferred as snacks or alongside main meals. While fresh fruits are the primary option, dried fruits can also be consumed in small portions.
Fish and Foods Containing Omega-3
Fish is a valuable part of a healthy diet due to containing quality protein and omega-3 fatty acids. Especially fatty fish such as salmon, sardines, mackerel, and anchovies are rich in omega-3.
Foods such as walnuts, flaxseeds, and chia seeds are also plant-based sources of omega-3. However, the utilization of different types of omega-3 in the body is not the same. Therefore, including different sources in a balanced diet may be more appropriate.
Nuts and Seeds
Walnuts, almonds, hazelnuts, cashews, pumpkin seeds, chia seeds, and flaxseeds are foods rich in healthy fats, protein, fiber, and various minerals. They can be consumed at breakfast, in salads, with yogurt, or as snacks.
Since nuts are energy-dense, their amounts should be paid attention to. Especially in MS patients who require weight control, choosing small portions instead of large portions is more appropriate. More natural options can be preferred instead of salted, sugar-coated, or heavily processed products.
Foods Containing Probiotics
Fermented dairy products such as yogurt and kefir can contain certain probiotic microorganisms. The relationship between the gut microbiota and the immune system is one of the areas researched regarding MS. Therefore, a balanced diet supporting gut health can hold importance.
However, it has not been proven that probiotic consumption treats MS or prevents relapses. Foods containing probiotics should be evaluated as part of a general healthy diet, and supplements should be used in line with personal needs.
Whole Grains and Fibrous Foods
Whole grains, oats, bulgur, whole-grain bread, legumes, vegetables, fruits, and various seeds are foods rich in fiber. Fiber can help support bowel movements and can be an important part of the nutrition plan, especially in MS patients experiencing constipation.
While increasing fiber consumption, water intake must also be sufficient. Consuming a very high amount of fiber all at once can cause gas, bloating, or abdominal discomfort. Therefore, the consumption of fibrous foods should be increased gradually.
What Should MS Patients Pay Attention to in Nutrition?
The main points that MS patients should pay attention to in nutrition are eating adequately and balanced, limiting ultra-processed products, getting enough fluids, maintaining a healthy body weight, and avoiding unnecessary food restrictions. It is generally not necessary for an individual to completely ban a large number of foods in their daily diet due to an MS diagnosis.
In particular, frequent consumption of products containing saturated fat, excessive sugar, and excess salt can be negative in terms of overall health. In contrast, regular consumption of vegetables, fruits, whole grains, legumes, fish, healthy fats, and quality protein sources can help establish a balanced diet.
Saturated Fat and Processed Food Consumption
Excessive consumption of saturated fats can be negative in terms of cardiovascular health. Fatty meats, some processed meat products, foods containing high amounts of butter, and some ready-made products can be high in saturated fat.
Instead of frequent consumption of processed meat products such as sucuk, salami, and sausages, using different protein sources such as fish, chicken, eggs, legumes, and lean meat provides a more balanced approach. Preferring more appropriate fat sources such as olive oil in meals can also improve the overall fat profile of the diet.
Sugary and Ultra-Processed Foods
Sugary drinks, sweets, packaged desserts, some ready-made breakfast products, chips, and other ultra-processed foods should be limited as much as possible. These products often contain high energy while having lower nutritional value in terms of fiber, vitamins, and minerals.
There is no general rule stating that sugar must be completely banned in MS patients. However, excessive sugar consumption can make weight control difficult and cause the deterioration of the generally healthy diet. Therefore, sweet and sugary products should not form the basis of the daily diet.
Salt Consumption
Excess salt consumption is associated with various health problems, primarily high blood pressure. MS patients also need to pay attention to salt consumption in order to protect their overall health.
Instant soups, processed meat products, chips, some sauces, ready-made meals, and salty snacks can contain high amounts of sodium. Instead of adding extra salt to meals, lemon, garlic, thyme, mint, black pepper, and other spices can be utilized.
Alcohol Use
Alcohol consumption in MS patients should be evaluated according to personal health status. Alcohol can increase balance and coordination problems, sleep disorders, or feelings of fatigue in some individuals. Additionally, it may interact with certain medications.
Individuals who use regular medications, have liver disease, or experience increased symptoms after alcohol consumption should consult their doctor regarding alcohol use. It is not correct to use alcohol to treat MS or to see it as part of the treatment.
Caffeine Consumption
Caffeine-containing beverages such as coffee and tea are not forbidden for all MS patients. The response to caffeine can vary from person to person. While some individuals can maintain moderate caffeine consumption without experiencing any problems, sleep disorders, palpitations, restlessness, or stomach discomfort may be observed in others.
Since fatigue can be common especially in MS patients, maintaining sleep quality is important. Therefore, consuming high amounts of caffeine in the evening hours can be avoided. Energy drinks are not a suitable option for routine consumption as they can contain high caffeine and sugar.
How Should Caffeine Consumption Be in MS Patients?
MS patients do not necessarily have to completely quit consuming coffee or tea. However, the amount of consumption should be determined according to the person's response to caffeine. There is no general evidence showing that caffeine directly worsens MS.
However, consuming high amounts of caffeine can cause insomnia. The deterioration of sleep quality can lead to an increase in the feeling of fatigue during the day. Therefore, especially MS patients experiencing sleep problems may find it beneficial to consume caffeine in the early hours of the day or reduce the amount.
Caffeine can also increase the need to urinate in some individuals. In individuals experiencing urinary problems, the effect of coffee and other caffeinated beverages on symptoms should be evaluated personally. It is appropriate for individuals experiencing prominent complaints after caffeine consumption to consult their doctor or dietitian.
Should Gluten Be Consumed in MS?
There is no general scientific recommendation showing that all MS patients should follow a gluten-free diet. Gluten is a protein found in grains such as wheat, barley, and rye. Individuals without celiac disease or another health problem related to gluten do not need to completely remove gluten from their diet just because of an MS diagnosis.
Whole grains can be important sources in terms of fiber, certain vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients. Therefore, unnecessarily eliminating all gluten-containing products can reduce dietary variety.
Individuals suspected of having celiac disease or experiencing recurring digestive system complaints after gluten consumption need to undergo a physician evaluation. Rather than starting a gluten-free diet on one's own, determining the underlying condition first is a more accurate approach.
Can Milk and Dairy Products Be Consumed in MS?
There is no general rule stating that MS patients must completely quit milk and dairy products. Milk, yogurt, kefir, and cheese are valuable foods in terms of protein and calcium. Calcium and vitamin D are important especially for preserving bone health.
In individuals with lactose intolerance, gas, bloating, abdominal pain, or diarrhea may be observed after milk consumption. In such cases, lactose-free milk or alternative products that the person can tolerate can be evaluated. Individuals with a milk allergy need to turn to appropriate alternatives in line with doctor recommendations.
There is no general evidence indicating that dairy products directly worsen MS. Therefore, unless there is any intolerance or medical necessity, it is not mandatory to remove dairy products from the diet.
What Is the Place of Probiotics in MS?
Probiotics are live microorganisms that can provide positive effects on health when consumed in adequate amounts. The relationship between the gut microbiota and the immune system is one of the important subjects researched regarding MS. Therefore, supporting gut health holds importance for overall health.
Fermented foods such as yogurt and kefir can contain probiotic microorganisms. However, the type and amount of microorganisms contained in each product are not the same. Research on the effects of probiotic supplements on MS is ongoing.
It should not be thought that probiotics treat MS, prevent relapses, or replace the medications used. MS patients who want to use supplements need to consult their doctors, especially if they are using regular medications.
Are Vitamin and Mineral Supplements Necessary in MS?
Not all MS patients need to use vitamin and mineral supplements. The need for supplementation should be determined by evaluating the person's nutritional status, blood levels, age, sun exposure, medications used, and accompanying health problems.
When a vitamin or mineral deficiency is detected, supplements can be used in appropriate doses. However, taking high doses of vitamins when no deficiency exists is not always beneficial. Taking certain vitamins and minerals more than necessary can cause side effects and health problems.
Therefore, MS patients should not apply high-dose vitamin protocols they see on the internet without doctor recommendation. Supplements do not replace a balanced diet.
Vitamin D and MS
Vitamin D is an important vitamin for bone health, muscle functions, and the normal functioning of the immune system. The relationship between vitamin D and MS has been researched for a long time. Evaluating vitamin D levels in MS patients can be important, especially in individuals with a risk of deficiency.
When vitamin D deficiency is detected, supplementation in appropriate doses can be recommended by the doctor. However, it cannot be said that high-dose vitamin D use definitively treats MS or prevents all relapses.
The dose of vitamin D supplementation should be determined according to the person's blood level and overall health status. Using more vitamin D than necessary can cause health problems such as elevated blood calcium levels.
Vitamin B12 and MS
Vitamin B12 is important in terms of the nervous system, the production of blood cells, and normal cellular functions. B12 deficiency can lead to certain neurological symptoms, and these symptoms can occasionally resemble some findings of MS.
Therefore, evaluating B12 levels in MS patients deemed necessary can hold importance. If B12 deficiency is detected, an appropriate treatment plan is made according to the cause of the deficiency. However, it cannot be said that everyone with normal B12 levels needs to use high-dose B12.
The risk of B12 deficiency may be higher, especially in individuals who consume very few animal-derived foods. In such cases, evaluating the dietary routine and using supplementation upon physician recommendation if deemed necessary is required.
Other Vitamins and Minerals
Getting adequate folate, iron, magnesium, calcium, and other vitamins-minerals is important for overall health. However, the same vitamin or mineral deficiency is not expected to be seen in all MS patients.
Additional evaluations can be made in individuals with iron deficiency, malnutrition, or other health problems. It is not correct to use iron or other mineral supplements unnecessarily. The decision for supplementation should be given in line with laboratory results and clinical evaluation.
A diet with high food diversity can help obtain a significant portion of the necessary vitamins and minerals from natural foods.
What Should Be Paid Attention to When Using Supplements in MS?
A doctor's opinion should be obtained before using supplements such as vitamins, minerals, omega-3, probiotics, or herbal products in MS. The fact that a product is natural or herbal does not mean it is safe for everyone. Some supplements can interact with medications used or cause undesirable effects when taken in high doses.
In particular, using products containing multiple vitamins and minerals at the same time can cause high-dose intake without realizing it. Therefore, all supplements used must be reported to the physician.
It should also be remembered that supplements will not replace MS treatment. Stopping medical treatment, changing its dose, or trying to control the disease solely with supplements and diet is not appropriate.
Is There a Special Diet for MS?
There is no single special diet scientifically proven to definitively treat MS. However, certain dietary models based on healthy nutrition principles can be evaluated to support the overall health of MS patients.
The Mediterranean-style diet is a balanced model dominated by vegetables, fruits, legumes, whole grains, fish, olive oil, nuts, and seeds. Aside from this, studies are being conducted on different dietary approaches for MS. However, it cannot be said that any diet yields the same result for all MS patients.
Mediterranean-Style Diet
The Mediterranean-style diet is a dietary model where vegetables and fruits, legumes, whole grains, fish, olive oil, nuts, and seeds are consumed regularly. Red meat, processed meat products, excessive sugar, and ultra-processed foods are consumed more limitedly.
This dietary model has positive properties in terms of cardiovascular health and metabolic health. For MS patients as well, since it is diverse and sustainable, it can provide a good foundation for establishing a healthy diet.
However, the Mediterranean-style diet should not be thought to treat MS. This model should be evaluated as part of a healthy lifestyle in addition to the medical treatment of the disease.
Recommended Dietary Models for MS
Different dietary models are being researched regarding MS. Among these models are the Mediterranean-style diet, approaches focused on reducing saturated fat consumption, and certain special dietary protocols. However, research continues regarding the long-term effects of these diets on MS.
The promotion of a diet on social media or the internet as an "MS diet" does not mean it is scientifically recommended for all patients. Some special diets can restrict numerous food groups and lead to nutritional deficiencies when applied for a long time.
Therefore, if MS patients want to apply a special diet, it will be safer for them to get support from a neurology specialist and dietitian.
Are Elimination Diets Suitable for Every MS Patient?
In elimination diets, certain foods or food groups are removed from the diet. Such diets can be used in evaluating certain specific intolerances or allergies; however, they are not a nutritional method that needs to be routinely applied for all MS patients.
Unnecessarily removing gluten, dairy products, grains, or other food groups can reduce dietary variety. Especially in long-term eliminations, fiber, protein, vitamin, and mineral deficiencies can develop.
Therefore, when MS patients think a specific food is harming them, they should get an evaluation from a doctor or dietitian rather than engaging in long-term restrictions on their own.
Is There a Relationship Between MS Relapses and Nutrition?
It is not possible to establish a direct and definitive relationship between MS relapses and a specific food. The characteristics of the disease, the immune system, disease activity, and many different factors play a role in the formation of MS relapses. Therefore, it is not correct to say that any food definitively triggers an MS relapse or that a certain nutrient prevents a relapse.
Healthy nutrition can support a person's overall health status and help prevent nutritional deficiencies. However, healthy nutrition does not replace disease-modifying MS treatments.
In situations suggesting new-onset neurological symptoms, prominent worsening in existing symptoms, or a relapse, changes should not be made solely in nutrition, and a neurology specialist should be consulted.
Why Is Weight Control Important in MS Patients?
Mobility limitations, fatigue, and decreased physical activity in MS patients can make weight control difficult. When daily energy expenditure decreases, continuing to consume the same amount of food as before can cause weight gain over time.
Excess weight can make moving difficult and increase the load on joints. Additionally, it can pose a risk in terms of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and other metabolic problems. However, excessive weight loss is also an undesired condition. Malnutrition can lead to muscle loss, low energy, and nutrient deficiencies.
Therefore, the goal in MS patients is not just to lose weight, but to maintain a healthy body weight. If there is a need to lose weight, instead of very low-calorie or single-type diets, a balanced nutrition plan containing adequate protein, fiber, vitamins, and minerals should be applied.
Nutrition for Constipation and Gut Health in MS Patients
Constipation is one of the digestive system problems that can be seen in some MS patients. Decreased mobility, inadequate fluid consumption, low-fiber nutrition, and certain medications can contribute to the slowing of bowel movements.
In individuals experiencing constipation, adding vegetables, fruits, legumes, oats, whole grains, and other fibrous foods to the diet can be beneficial. However, since increasing the amount of fiber all at once can cause gas and bloating, a gradual increase should be preferred.
Adequate fluid consumption is also important for fiber to be effective in the bowels. Regular movement appropriate for the person's physical condition can also support bowel functions. In long-lasting, severe, or newly onset constipation complaints, changes should not be made solely in nutrition, and a doctor's evaluation should be obtained.
Nutritional Recommendations to Help Reduce Fatigue in MS Patients
Fatigue is one of the symptoms frequently seen in MS patients that can affect daily life. Nutrition alone does not eliminate MS-related fatigue; however, inadequate energy intake, fluid deficiency, irregular meals, or certain vitamin-mineral deficiencies can contribute to the person feeling more sluggish.
Consuming balanced meals throughout the day, getting adequate protein, regularly consuming vegetables and fruits, and taking in sufficient fluids can help preserve overall energy balance. Instead of staying hungry for a long time or trying to provide energy solely with sugary foods, more balanced meals should be preferred.
In the event of a prominent increase in fatigue, it should not be thought that this is solely due to nutrition. Different causes such as sleep disorders, anemia, thyroid problems, vitamin deficiencies, medication side effects, or MS activity can also lead to fatigue. Therefore, ongoing fatigue that seriously affects daily life requires medical evaluation.
What Can an Example Daily Diet Routine Look Like for MS Patients?
The daily diet routine for MS patients varies according to the person's energy and nutrient needs. The following example has been prepared to show a general healthy nutrition approach and should not be evaluated as a personalized diet program.
At breakfast, whole-grain bread can be consumed alongside eggs, low-salt cheese, tomatoes, cucumbers, and greens. A few walnuts or almonds can be added according to need. Unsweetened tea or moderate coffee can be preferred.
As a snack, a portion of fruit and a small portion of unsalted nuts can be consumed. In individuals who do not need a snack, the number of meals can be adjusted according to personal needs.
At lunch, a legume dish such as lentils, chickpeas, or dry beans; a salad with plenty of vegetables, yogurt, and whole-grain bread can be preferred. Alternatively, a vegetable-heavy meal with chicken, fish, or lean meat can be prepared.
In the afternoon snack, yogurt, kefir, or a portion of fruit can be preferred. Especially in individuals with constipation problems, it is important for fiber-rich foods to regularly take place in the daily diet.
At dinner, fish, chicken, or another lean protein source prepared in the oven or on the grill can be consumed with plenty of vegetables and salad. Bulgur or another whole grain source can be added according to need.
Drinking enough water throughout the day and moving according to the person's physical condition are also parts of a healthy lifestyle routine. The daily diet routine of individuals with diabetes, kidney disease, celiac disease, milk intolerance, swallowing difficulties, or another health problem must be planned personally.