The Resilience Scale for Adults was developed by Friborg et al. (2003) and includes the dimensions of 'personal strength', 'structural style', social competence', 'family cohesion' and 'social resources'. A later study (Friborg et al. 2005) shows that the scale better explains the resilience model with its six-dimensional structure. In the study conducted by Friborg et al. (2005), the 'personal power' dimension was divided into two as 'self-perception' and 'future perception' and a total six-dimensional structure emerged.
In the scale, 'structural style' (3,9,15,21) and 'future perception' (2,8,14,20) were divided into 4 items each; 'family cohesion' (5,11,17,23,26,32), 'self-perception' (1,7,13,19,28,31,) and 'social competence' (4,10,16,22,25,29) with 6 items each, and 'social resources' (6,12,18,24,27,30,33) with 7 items. In order to avoid biased evaluations in the selection of items, the scale uses a format in which positive and negative traits are on different sides and there are five separate boxes for responses. In the schematic evaluation, the scoring method was left free to measure high or low psychological resilience.
Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted for the validity study of the scale and the six-factor structure explained a total variance of 57%. Personality Scale (Engvik 1993) and Social Intelligence Scale (Silvera et al. 2001) were used for discriminant and convergent validity. For the reliability of the scale, the internal consistency values of the structural equation model were 0.80 for 'Perception of Self', 0.75 for 'Perception of Future', 0.80 for 'Social Competence' and 0.80 for 'Perception of Future'.75, 0.82 for 'Social Competence', 0.86 for 'Family Adjustment', 0.84 for 'Social Resources' and 0.76 for 'Structural Style' (Friborg et al. 2005).
Reference:
*Basim, H.N., Çetin F.; Reliability and validity study of Psychological Resilience Scale for Adults; Turkish Journal of Psychiatry 2011;22
*(2005) Resilience in Relation to Personality and Intelligence. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res, 14(1):29-42.