A cerebral hemorrhage is bleeding in the skull, brain tissue, brain cavities and brain surface. It can cause very dangerous conditions and deaths. Approximately 1 million people suffer from this disease every year. Cerebral hemorrhage can occur in dangerous situations such as trauma. This disease, which occurs in all age groups, is especially more common in people between the ages of 50-60. It is 3 times more common in women than in men.
Acerebral hemorrhage is when one or more of the blood vessels supplying the brain leaks blood, causing the part of the brain that is supplied with blood to become dysfunctional. This can occur suddenly and is usually seen in people with high blood pressure. After a brain hemorrhage, the person may experience paralysis and stroke.
What are the symptoms of brain hemorrhage?
Brain hemorrhage manifests itself in different ways. We can list the symptoms of brain hemorrhage as follows;
- Sudden and severe headache in the person
- Numbness and tingling sensation in the hands and arms
- Difficulty seeing
- Speech and swallowing difficulties
- Loss of consciousness
- Reading and writing difficulties
- Loss of physical movement
- Nausea and vomiting reflex
- Lack of coordination
- Loss of consciousness
- Nausea and vomiting
- Dizziness and loss of balance
- Loss of strength in the arms and legs on the right or left side of the body
- Sensory (vision, hearing) disorders
- Disorders of consciousness
- Neck stiffness (difficulty in moving the neck, inability to turn it to the right or left)
- Tinnitus
- Tingling and numbness in the arms and legs
Fainting can be a symptom of cerebral hemorrhage. These symptoms increase the suspicion of a brain hemorrhage. Some of these symptoms can also be caused by other things. Brain hemorrhage also shows symptoms depending on which part of the brain the aneurysm is located in. If it is close to the blood vessels, it manifests itself with symptoms such as impaired vision and inability to control the eyelid.
If the aneurysm is close to the brain stem, symptoms of cerebral hemorrhage may include nausea and the urge to vomit. If one or more of these symptoms are observed together, you should go to the emergency room as soon as possible. However, it should also be known that cerebral hemorrhage does not always give symptoms. These symptoms increase the suspicion of cerebral hemorrhage. Some of these symptoms may also be caused by other things.
What are the Causes of Brain Hemorrhage?
Brain vessels wear out with age and lose their elastic properties. For this reason, they often rupture and cause cerebral hemorrhage, especially in elderly people with high blood pressure. Causes of cerebral hemorrhage can usually be due to many reasons. It is not possible to say a single cause. We can list some of them as follows;
- People with hypertension and diabetes (diabetes),
- People who use alcohol, drugs, etc. in high amounts,
- Unconscious use of birth control pills,
- People with connective tissue diseases,
- People taking medicines with blood thinning effect
How is a brain hemorrhage diagnosed?
There are special areas in the human brain for language functions. These areas are located in the left half of the brain in almost all right-handed people and at least 75% of left-handed people. The speech center is located in the frontal lobe of the left brain and the comprehension center in the side lobe. The center for writing and reading is in the side-upper lobe.
Generally, in these hemorrhages, as a result of damage to the left side of the brain, the person loses the ability to speak, understand what is being said, read or write. We can list the diagnostic stages of the possibility of brain hemorrhage in first aid as follows;
- He/she is asked to smile and smile. If he/she cannot, he/she may be paralyzed due to brain hemorrhage.
- He/she is asked to form a sentence (Example: "Today is a beautiful day") If he/she cannot, there is a possibility that he/she may have a brain hemorrhage.
- He/she should raise both arms,
- He is asked to stick out his tongue. If the tongue is bent, it indicates a stroke.
What are the effects of brain hemorrhage?
These hemorrhages can be fatal as a result of bleeding, but they can also leave permanent damage. Patients with brain hemorrhage are paralyzed on one side.
The foot and hand (on the affected side) are completely or partially paralyzed. If a brain hemorrhage also affects the speech center, the patient cannot speak. At a young age, a cerebral hemorrhage can occur as a result of a weakening of the surrounding cerebral blood vessels, ballooning and rupture of the ballooning part. Symptoms of a brain haemorrhage are most prominent when a sudden, extremely severe headache is felt, requiring an emergency.
Cerebral hemorrhage can occur in different parts of the brain and can lead to loss of life or loss of life. These symptoms may be due to trauma or other causes. Symptoms of cerebral hemorrhage include bleeding between the outer cerebral membrane and the bone (epidural), bleeding between the outer cerebral membrane and the midbrain (subdural), bleeding between the midbrain and the inner brain (subarachnoid), bleeding in the inner brain (subarachnoid).bleeding in the pools of water in the brain (intraventricular), bleeding inside the brain (intracerebral) and bleeding caused by rupture of a bubble in the brain vessels (aneurysm).
Bleeding in the brain causes increased pressure inside the skull and can lead to many irreversible illnesses and deaths. Symptoms of brain hemorrhage should be observed very well and intervened as soon as possible.
How is a brain hemorrhage treated?
Cerebral hemorrhage is a condition that should be taken seriously and an ambulance should definitely be called, especially in cases of post-traumatic and spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage .
Any bleeding that develops in the brain may not show symptoms at first. However, the individual should be kept under control for the first 24 hours. In the time period after the accident, the bleeding progresses and puts pressure on the brain. This can lead to coma or death. The first step in treating a brain hemorrhage is to eliminate the cause of the bleeding.
It is necessary to protect the patient's life and prevent unwanted situations from occurring. The person who has suffered a brain hemorrhage is kept under follow-up in the intensive care unit and is usually operated on. After the operation, the patient's waking time varies depending on the surgical procedure. After the narcosis wears off, the patient should not sleep for the first 24 hours. For this reason, the patient is frequently awakened by the medical teams and checked whether he/she is conscious or not.
