Venous insufficiency is a type of circulatory problem that usually occurs in the legs or feet. This condition occurs when blood in the venous system is poorly transported or flows backwards. Venous insufficiency occurs when there is a problem that prevents or slows down the return of blood to the heart. The main causes of this condition can include genetic factors, aging, overweight, pregnancy, sedentary lifestyle, prolonged standing or sitting, high heels, etc.
What Causes Venous Insufficiency?
Venous insufficiency is a circulatory problem that occurs when blood in the venous system is insufficiently transported or flows backwards. The causes of this condition can be the following:
Genetic Factors: Family history can increase the risk of venous insufficiency. People with a family history of venous insufficiency may be at higher risk.
Aging: With age, veins may lose their elasticity and the risk of venous insufficiency may increase.
Being Overweight: Being overweight or obese can increase the risk of venous insufficiency because excess weight can put more pressure on the legs.
Pregnancy: The increased blood volume and enlarged uterus during pregnancy can put more pressure on the legs and lead to venous insufficiency.
Sedentary Lifestyle: Sitting or standing for long periods of time can cause venous blood in the legs to flow backwards.
High Heeled Shoes: Constantly wearing high heels can prevent the leg muscles from working properly and trigger venous insufficiency.
Vein Injuries: Vein injuries or trauma can lead to venous insufficiency.
Vein Inflammations: Inflammation of the veins or vascular diseases such as thrombophlebitis can increase the risk of venous insufficiency.
Low Physical Activity Level: Lack of regular exercise can lead to weakened leg muscles and circulation problems.
What are the Types of Venous Insufficiency?
There are several types of venous insufficiency. These include superficial venous insufficiency (associated with varicose veins), deep venous insufficiency (dysfunction of the deep veins), and chronic venous insufficiency (long-term dysfunction). Each type can lead to different symptoms and treatment approaches.
What are the Symptoms of Chronic Venous Insufficiency?
Symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency , which usually manifests itself with symptoms in the legs, can be as follows:
- Varicose veins,
- Leg pain and fatigue,
- Edema (swelling),
- Itching and skin changes,
- Dermatitis
- Leg ulcers
- Limping
How is venous insufficiency treated?
Treatment for venous insufficiency can vary depending on the severity of symptoms and the severity of the condition. Treatment aims to relieve symptoms, restore venous circulation and prevent progression. Here are the common methods used to treat venous insufficiency:
Compression Therapy: Pressure is applied to the legs using special clothing such as leg compression stockings or bandages. This helps the venous blood to pump upwards better and the edema (swelling) is controlled.
Medication: To relieve the symptoms of venous insufficiency, your doctor may recommend medications that increase venous tone, especially to deal with leg pain or swelling.
Sclerotherapy: This treatment method involves injecting a special substance to shrink or close enlarged or dysfunctional veins. This can help reduce the appearance of varicose veins.
Laser treatment: Laser therapy can be used to treat varicose veins or other vein problems. Laser light can help close or shrink the inside of the vein.
Radiofrequency Ablation: In this procedure, high-frequency radio waves are used to heat and close the inner surface of the veins associated with venous insufficiency.
Surgical Intervention: In severe cases or when other treatment methods do not work, surgical intervention may be necessary. Surgical options may include vein removal (phlebectomy) or surgical interventions aimed at correcting venous connections.
Diet and Exercise: Adopting a healthy lifestyle can relieve the symptoms of venous insufficiency. Regular exercise can improve blood circulation and help with weight control.
Wound Care: If leg ulcers have developed due to venous insufficiency, it is important to follow your doctor's recommended methods for caring for and healing these ulcers.