People may face many health problems throughout their lives. Different health problems may arise with some problems in hormones. Parathormone , one of the important hormones for the body, is also called PTH or parathyroid hormone. Parathormone is involved in regulating the balance of calcium and phosphorus in the blood and body fluid. It also helps to transport calcium from the bones into the blood.
This hormone, which plays an important role in many functions that the body maintains, also ensures the absorption of calcium ions in digested food into the blood. It also maintains the balance of phosphorus in the kidneys and increases the amount of phosphorus in the blood.
What is the role of parathormone?
It is one of the vital hormones for the body. It is also known as a hormone that has many different tasks and benefits to the body and is synthesized and secreted by cells called C cells. The function of parathormone can be listed as follows:
- It ensures that calcium is delivered from the bones to the blood
- Regulates the balance of phosphorus and calcium in blood and body fluids
- With a decrease in calcium levels, this hormone is released and increases calcium levels.
- When calcium levels are normal or excessive, PTH release decreases
- Protects bone, heart and kidney health by regulating calcium levels
Symptoms of High Parathormone
This hormone, which is very important for human health and the body, can increase in some periods and situations as seen in the articles given above. If this hormone is elevated, some health problems and discomforts may occur in the person. To list in items, the symptoms of parathormone elevation can be listed as follows:
- Severe pain in joints and muscles
- Back pain and heartburn
- Fatigue and weakness
- Depression and psychological problems
- Eating problems (loss of appetite)
- Nausea and vomiting
- Kidney stone pain
- Skin itching
- Drinking too much water and frequent urination
- Pancreatic inflammation
- Constant sleepiness
- Bone cyst
- Heart rhythm disorder
- Gait and balance disorders
Causes of High Parathormone
Some conditions can cause this hormone to rise and cause some problems in the body. In some cases, this hormone rises and balances the missing conditions in the body. The causes of elevated parathormone are as follows:
- Kidney failure and kidney diseases
- Calcium deficiency
- Magnesium deficiency
- Parathyroid gland problems (enlargement and tumor conditions)
- Vitamin D deficiency or too much vitamin D in the body
- Consumption of phosphorus foods
- Pregnancy period
- Excess calcium in the body
- Low calcium in the blood
- Increased phosphorus in the body
- Serious health problems in the kidneys
- The presence of some serious infectious diseases in the individual
- Doing heavy exercises and damaging the muscles
Treatment of Elevated Parathormone
This condition is also known as hyperparathyroidism. It is a serious condition that occurs when the parathyroid hormone is secreted more for some reason. There are three different types of elevation. These are known as primary, secondary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism.
In this case, the most effective method in the treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism is surgical intervention. In secondary hyperparathyroidism and tertiary hyperparathyroidism, there are non-surgical treatment methods in addition to surgical intervention. Many people do not want surgical intervention. In such cases, treatment with ethanol ablation, which is a non-surgical method, may be an option.
In surgical intervention, recovery is faster and the patient can be discharged on the same day. Some conditions are necessary for surgical operations to be successful and have positive results. First of all, this disease should be examined and clarified in laboratory settings. Then, the source of the problem should be determined with imaging applications and the operation should be performed by a specialized surgeon.
What happens when parathormone is elevated?
If this hormone rises, the level of calcium in the blood increases. If it rises with the calcium level, problems such as osteoporosis or weakening may occur. In addition, if calcium increases, it can accumulate in the kidneys and cause sand and stones to form.
An increase in this hormone can lead to balance and gait disorders. The person may have a constant need to drink water and may encounter frequent trips to the toilet due to this situation. To summarize, the elevated state causes negative effects in terms of the general body health of the person.
What Happens When Parathormone Declines?
If there is a decrease and decrease in the level of this hormone, there is a decrease in blood calcium level. Depending on this situation, some discomfort and symptoms occur in the person.
These symptoms include tingling and numbness in the fingertips and around the mouth, severe muscle and joint pain, and convulsions in the hand. If the amount of calcium decreases, a contraction of the trachea may occur and this is life-threatening.
Symptoms of Low Parathormone
Many symptoms can occur in the body of people who experience low hormone levels. Symptoms of low parathormone are as follows:
- Muscle pain, spasms and cramps
- Tingling around the mouth
- Numbness and tingling in the feet and hands
- Contraction of the hands
- Spasms in the trachea and bronchi
Causes of Low Parathormone
This hormone, which balances and regulates the amount of calcium in the body, can fall for a number of reasons. The causes of low parathormone can be listed as follows:
- Cancer types
- Too much calcium buildup in the body
- Parathyroid glands exposed to radiation
- Imbalance in vitamins and minerals
- Damage to the parathyroid glands during surgery
Treatment of Low Parathormone
If the above-mentioned symptoms are observed in the person himself/herself or in the people around him/her, he/she should be examined by a specialist immediately. During the examination by the doctor, the person may be asked questions about the situation. The doctor may ask for the necessary tests to be performed. In the next stage, the person is treated depending on the underlying cause of this condition.