Diseases in Child Psychiatry

Diseases in Child Psychiatry

Click on the headings below to easily access the related contents in the Diseases in Child Psychiatry field.

Behavior Disorders

The fear of being humiliated and embarrassed in social situations is defined as 'socio-phobia'. If sociophobia is mild, it is realized by the person avoiding the environments they are afraid of. In severe cases, social loneliness is observed.

Autism

In autism, different parts of the brain cannot work together. Most people with autism will always find it difficult to communicate with others. But early treatment has helped more and more people to reach their full potential. Although the cause of autism is not known exactly, some scientists think it is genetic.

Specific Learning Difficulties

Dyslexia is a learning disorder characterized by significant difficulties in the acquisition and use of listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning and math skills.

School Failure

There are many factors that affect academic success. Failure in school affects children's normal social and psychological well-being. This can lead to a deterioration in relationships with the family. The biggest reason for academic failure is that children do not feel a certain responsibility and do not organize the necessary study hours after school.

Children may also show academic failure due to choosing the wrong school. You can find details about the things to consider when choosing a school from the link: https://cdn.npistanbul.com/sectiginiz-okul-cocugunuza-uygun-mu

Click here for our doctor's opinions on how the report card should be read .

Exam Anxiety

According to a study, one in four children experience test anxiety... Girls are more anxious about success than boys. According to a study, one out of every four 4th and 5th grade primary school students is experiencing exam anxiety.

Get rid of exam anxiety like this!

It is possible to get rid of exam anxiety with the mental flexibility model!

The university exams are counting down. The last turn has entered. Candidates who are preparing to leave behind an intense marathon with the goal of studying at the university they dream of are experiencing exam anxiety these days.
Anxiety is not only in them but also in their parents. Prof. Dr. Nevzat Tarhan points out that a small amount of anxiety is beneficial and gives tips on how to get rid of excessive anxiety.
Tarhan recommends the mental flexibility model to candidates.

Hundreds of thousands of young people who are eligible to take the LYS after the YGS will sweat over the next two weekends to become university students.

As the time for the exam narrows, excitement and anxiety increase. Stating that the excitement of the exam causes nervousness, restlessness, tension in the person, frequent breathing, urination, insomnia and tremors are observed as physical symptoms, Üsküdar University Founding Rector-Psychiatrist Prof. Dr. Nevzat Tarhan makes life-saving suggestions to the candidates.

Underlining that the person can be exposed to hundreds of positive and negative thoughts in this process, Tarhan states that this situation is normal, but if these thoughts are exaggerated, which will prevent focusing on the exam, they can turn into harm. Pointing out that anxiety can be solved in one's mind, Prof. Dr. Nevzat Tarhan recommends the mental flexibility model to candidates.

Mental flexibility model for anxiety

One should be able to apply the mental flexibility model. Know why they get excited. One gets excited for several reasons. Failure, not being able to do it, what will people around me say, etc. These are all result-oriented thoughts. If this is not corrected with mental flexibility, anxiety and excitement will increase even more. Therefore, we should think about the process, not the result. When is the exam, what should I do in this process, how many questions should I solve daily, have I taken the necessary precautions, etc. We should be able to think process-oriented. If a person focuses on what they cannot control, anxiety increases. The result is what they cannot control. One should create safe spaces for oneself. They should think about their previous achievements. In case of anxiety, they should think about these achievements. They should be able to focus their attention on this area. Every human being has such safe spaces. You can think of the picture where you are safe in times of anxiety.

Prof. Dr. Nevzat Tarhan invites parents to stay away from behaviors that will trigger anxiety and reminds parents to distinguish between children who take responsibility and those who do not. Emphasizing that communication with the child should be positive rather than negative, Tarhan notes that body language is important and that parents should be able to control their own emotional expression.

Tics and Obsessions in Children

Tics are involuntary movements that occur in certain muscle groups, occur suddenly, are repetitive, stereotyped and non-rhythmic, and appear as motor movements or vocalizations. Obsessive behaviors, which can occur in many ways such as crunching joints, snapping fingers, blinking, etc., are usually done without thinking beforehand.

What is Phonological Disorder (Articulation Disorder)?

Phonology is a specialty that deals with the speech sounds that make up language. In people with phonological disorders, it is seen that the person misuses various sounds, changes the position of sounds or drops sounds.

Stuttering

The pediatrician should tell the pediatrician's recommendations to the family whose stuttering starts between the ages of 2-5. Should wait for 6 months in cooperation with the family. After 6 months, if it still continues, it should be sent to speech therapy. However, if some families are very restless and anxious, if there is other stuttering in the family, it can be sent without waiting.

Cerebral Palsy

Cerebral Palsy is a non-progressive upper motor neuron disease caused by damage to the immature brain, i.e. oxygen deprivation. Another name; Static Encephalopathy.

How Does Cerebral Palsy Occur?

Childhood injuries are the most common cause ofCerebral Palsy . It is caused by damage to the upper motor neurons as a result of oxygen deprivation of the brain. It can occur for many reasons that deprive the brain of oxygen. The most common cause of Cerebral Palsy is prematurity. Other causes are prenatal intrauterine factors, perinatal infections (TORCH), meningitis, malformations and previous brain trauma. Cerebral Palsy is classified physiologically and anatomically. Physiologic classification includes 5 types: spastic (the most common type), athetoid, ataxic, mixed and hypotonic. Anatomical classification; There are 3 types: quadriplegic, diplegic and hemiplegic.

What are the Symptoms of Cerebral Palsy?

Cerebral Palsy can be in the form of loss of tonus, spasticity or hypotonia. Loss of balance, difficulty in maintaining balance. Stiffness in the joints we call contractures, upper extremity deformities, dislocations in the hips over time, spine and foot deformities, walking disorders and fractures seen in the progressive period are the main symptoms. For detailed information: https://cdn.npistanbul.com/serebral-palsi for more information.

Aphasia

Aphasia is a language disorder that usually occurs suddenly as a result of a stroke or head injury and is caused by damage to the areas of the brain responsible for language. In most people, the language areas are located in the left hemisphere of the brain. Therefore, in aphasia, while the language areas in the left half of the brain are damaged, the person may also have a stroke/stroke on the right side.

Sleep Disorders in Children

Sleep, one of the most basic human needs, is crucial for the development of attention and learning processes in the brain. It is a special form of mental activity. It is an active and neuronal process. There are special areas in the brain involved in initiating and maintaining sleep. Although it is important in every period of life, it gains even more serious importance especially in infancy and childhood, when brain development and growth are the fastest.

Detailed information : cocuk-and-adolescents-sleep-disorders

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CreatorNP Istanbul Hospital Editorial Board
Updated At11 July 2024
Created At19 June 2018
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